vault backup: 2024-10-16 09:12:37

Networking and Security/Week 2/Lecture 3 - IP4 and Subnetting.md

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+# IPv4 Address
+
+- 32-bit
+- 2^32 4,294,967,296 possible addresses under IPv4 - now ran out.
+- Can be referred to in binary, hex, octal, dotted decimal and decimal.
+	- 10.10.10.10 (Dotted Decimal)
+	- 00001010.00001010.00001010.00001010 (Decimal)
+- Structured to aid routing
+	- Network Number (globally unique, find correct network)
+	- Host Number (locally unique, find correct node)
+	- ^ outdated
+- No. bits allocated to each part varies depending on how many host numbers needed (see: subnetting, netmask)
+- Nodes with the same network number are on same network, and vice versa.
+- Network number tells transmitter which case is true.
+
+## Classful IP Addresses
+
+![](Pasted%20image%2020240923122346.png)
+
+- A and B have large address ranges.
+- Either need multiple network numbers, or use subnets to pretend you have multiple network numbers
+- One LAN per building, big network likely to be split into smaller networks. (Subnets)